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NCLEX-RN Endocrine, GI & Renal Flashcards

Master 36 endocrine, gi & renal concepts for the NCLEX-RN.

Endocrine Conditions

15 cards

Question

Describe the "15/15 Rule" for managing hypoglycemia in a conscious patient.

Question

A patient with Type 1 Diabetes presents with a fruity breath odor. Which respiratory pattern would the nurse expect to observe?

Question

Complete the relationship regarding DKA treatment and electrolytes:

Administering IV insulin causes serum potassium to , leading to a risk of .

Question

A client is admitted with Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome (HHS), severe dehydration, and a blood glucose of 850 mg/dL. What is the priority nursing action?

Question

List three hallmark signs of a Thyroid Storm (Thyrotoxic Crisis).

Question

A patient reports tingling around the mouth 24 hours post-thyroidectomy. Which assessment technique should the nurse perform to check for hypocalcemia?

Question

What is the priority respiratory intervention for a patient in Myxedema Coma?

Question

Which action by a patient with Addison's disease (Adrenal Insufficiency) is most likely to precipitate an Addisonian Crisis?

Question

Why are patients with Cushing's syndrome at high risk for infection?

Question

Complete the urinalysis findings for Diabetes Insipidus:

In Diabetes Insipidus, the lack of ADH causes urine output and urine specific gravity.

Question

Select the correct management principles for SIADH:

SIADH treatment requires fluidand monitoring for severe.

Question

Which nursing action is CONTRAINDICATED when assessing a patient with a suspected Pheochromocytoma?

Question

Why are patients with Hyperparathyroidism at risk for pathological fractures?

Question

Name one key instruction for diabetic foot care.

Think about nails, socks, or daily habits.

Question

Name one "Sick Day Rule" for an insulin-dependent diabetic patient.

What should they do about insulin or monitoring?

GI & Renal Conditions

15 cards

Question

Name one lifestyle modification recommended to reduce symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD).

Think about positioning, meal timing, or specific substances to avoid.

Question

What is the hallmark physical assessment finding indicating a perforated peptic ulcer?

Question

A patient with appendicitis reports pain localizing to McBurney's point. Which abdominal quadrant is this located in?

Question

A client arrives with suspected appendicitis and severe abdominal pain. Which nursing intervention is CONTRAINDICATED?

Question

In a patient with severe Ulcerative Colitis, what is the priority complication to monitor for regarding bowel movements?

Question

Complete the pathophysiology statement regarding Hepatic Encephalopathy:

The failing liver cannot convert into urea. Accumulation leads to neurotoxicity characterized by .

Question

What is the primary life-threatening risk associated with Esophageal Varices in a patient with cirrhosis?

Question

What is the physiologic rationale for maintaining NPO status and using NG suction in acute pancreatitis?

Question

Which assessment maneuver is used to identify Cholecystitis (gallbladder inflammation)?

Question

Distinguish between the phases of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI):

The phase is characterized by urine output <400 mL/day. The phase is characterized by a rapid increase in urine output (up to 5L/day).

Question

A nurse is teaching a client with Stage 4 Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) about diet. Which food should the client avoid?

Question

What two physical assessment findings confirm the patency of an arteriovenous (AV) fistula?

Question

What does cloudy effluent (outflow) indicate in a patient receiving Peritoneal Dialysis?

Question

A client is admitted with renal colic and suspected urolithiasis. What is the priority nursing action regarding voiding?

Question

Manage the Continuous Bladder Irrigation (CBI) for a patient post-TURP:

The nurse adjusts the irrigation rate to keep urine . If the drainage becomes bright red with clots, the nurse should the rate.

GI & Renal Procedures

6 cards

Question

A nurse has just inserted a nasogastric (NG) tube. Which verification method is the gold standard before administering the first feeding?

Question

Complete the statement regarding nasogastric suctioning risks:

Prolonged gastric suctioning removes acid, placing the client at risk for metabolic . To replace output, the nurse anticipates an order for IV fluids.

Question

What is the expected consistency of ileostomy output, and what is the primary physiological risk for the patient?

Question

Complete the assessment guidelines for a hemodialysis arteriovenous (AV) fistula:

To verify patency, the nurse palpates for a and auscultates for a. The nurse must strictly avoid on the affected arm.

Question

A nurse is monitoring the outflow (drain) during a peritoneal dialysis cycle. Which finding requires immediate intervention?

Question

After a thyroidectomy, what two specific pieces of emergency equipment must be kept at the bedside?

Also study

Cardiovascular & Respiratory50Neuro & Musculoskeletal29Oncology & Hematologic Conditions18Immune & Burn Conditions10Sensory & Integumentary Conditions10Perioperative Nursing Care9Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid-Base Balance28Critical Lab Values & Diagnostics25

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