NCLEX-RN Lab Values & Diagnostics Flashcards
Master 49 lab values & diagnostics concepts for the NCLEX-RN.
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Select the normal reference range for Serum Sodium (Na+):
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Select the normal reference range for Serum Potassium (K+):
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What is the normal reference range for total serum Calcium?
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What is the normal reference range for Magnesium?
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What is the normal reference range for Phosphorus (Phosphate)?
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Select the normal reference range for White Blood Cell (WBC) count:
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Select the normal reference range for Platelets:
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Select the general adult normal ranges for Hemoglobin and Hematocrit:
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Which laboratory value is the most specific indicator of renal function?
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At what percentage is Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) diagnostic for diabetes mellitus?
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A patient presents with dyspnea. An elevated B-Type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP >100 pg/mL) specifically suggests which condition?
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What is the primary clinical utility of a D-Dimer test?
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Complete the normal ranges for Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) components:
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A patient has a low Serum Albumin level (2.5 g/dL). What is the priority nursing assessment?
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What is the normal fasting glucose range, and at what lower threshold is hypoglycemia considered clinically significant requiring immediate action?
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Elevated ammonia (15-45 mcg/dL normal) causes which complication in liver disease, and what medication is used to lower it?
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Which laboratory value is the most specific indicator for acute pancreatitis?
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What do elevated C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) indicate?
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Complete the interpretation of Urine Specific Gravity (Normal: 1.005–1.030):
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Arrange the steps for treating a potential infection in the correct priority order:
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What is the normal reference range for AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase)?
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Complete the statement regarding the specificity of liver enzymes:
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What is the normal range for Total Bilirubin and what physical sign indicates significant elevation?
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A client is diagnosed with obstructive jaundice (cholestasis) due to gallstones. Which bilirubin fraction is primarily elevated?
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A client presents with hemolytic anemia. Which liver panel value will be elevated due to increased red blood cell destruction?
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What is the normal range for Ammonia, and what medication is the priority intervention for critical elevation?
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What is the normal adult reference range for Free T4 (Thyroxine)?
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What is the normal adult reference range for Free T3 (Triiodothyronine)?
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Complete the clinical profile for Primary Hypothyroidism:
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A client presents with tachycardia, weight loss, and heat intolerance. Which laboratory finding confirms Primary Hyperthyroidism?
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Complete the clinical profile for Troponin I, the gold standard biomarker for myocardial injury:
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What is the normal reference range for Troponin T?
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What is the normal range for CK-MB and when does it return to baseline?
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What is the normal value for B-type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) and what level indicates severe heart failure?
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A 60-year-old client presents with dyspnea. Which NT-proBNP result would support a diagnosis of acute heart failure in this age group?
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A client presents with chest pain and a negative initial troponin level. What is the priority nursing action regarding biomarkers?
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What does persistent proteinuria (presence of protein in urine) typically indicate regarding renal health?
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Complete the statement regarding glycosuria:
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A client's urinalysis results show WBC >5/HPF and positive nitrites. Which condition is most likely?
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In a urine culture, what colony count (CFU/mL) represents a definitive positive result for a Urinary Tract Infection?
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The nurse is preparing to collect blood cultures for a client with a suspected bloodstream infection. Which action is the priority to ensure accurate results?
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Select the correct pH characteristics for the following conditions:
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A client has a total cholesterol level of 210 mg/dL. How is this finding categorized?
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What is the optimal LDL cholesterol level for the general population, and what is the stricter target for high-risk cardiac patients?
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Which finding regarding High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk?
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Normal triglycerides are <150 mg/dL. Levels exceeding 500 mg/dL require immediate notification of the provider due to the risk of which acute condition?
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Select the correct HbA1c values for diagnosis versus therapeutic management.
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A client has a serum osmolality of 305 mOsm/kg. Which clinical condition corresponds to this finding?
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A serum lactate level > 4 mmol/L is a critical finding indicating which physiological state?